Coding
Quant Python

A Kalman Filter for a Time-Varying Beta

Premium
Difficulty

Read the problem, hints and solution here. The editor needs a bigger screen: open this page on a laptop to write and run your code.

xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx_xxxx(x, x, x, x), x xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx x xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx ( xxxx_x ) xxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx x xxxx.

x xxxxx xxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx x xxxxxx xxxxxx, xxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxx. xxx xxxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx x xxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxx xx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx. xxx xxxxx xx

[ x_x = xxxx_x x_x + x_x, xxxxx xxxx_x = xxxx_{x-x} + x_x ]

xxxx ( xxxxxx{xxx}(x_x) = x ) xxx ( xxxxxx{xxx}(x_x) = x ). xxxxx xxxx ( xxxxxxx_x = x ) xxxx xxxxxxxx ( x_x = x ). xxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx, xx xxxxx, xxx xxx xxx xxxxx.

xxxxxxx: xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx.

[ xxxxxxx_{x|x-x} = xxxxxxx_{x-x}, xxxxx x_{x|x-x} = x_{x-x} + x ]

xxxxxx: xxxxxxx xxx xxxx, xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xx xxx xxxx xxxxx xxx xxxxxxxxxx, xxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx.

[ x_x = xxxx{x_{x|x-x}, x_x}{x_x^x, x_{x|x-x} + x} ]

[ xxxxxxx_x = xxxxxxx_{x|x-x} + x_x xxxx( x_x - xxxxxxx_{x|x-x}, x_x xxxxx) ]

[ x_x = (x - x_x x_x), x_{x|x-x} ]

xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx ( xxxxxxx_x ) xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xx x xxxx xx xxxxxx, xxx xxx xxxxxxx xx x, xxxx xxxxx(xxxx, x). xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx, xxxxxxxxx xxx xxxxx ( x_x = x ): xxx xxxx xx xxxx xxxx, xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx, xxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxx xxx x xx xxxxxx.

xxxxxxxx

xxxxxx_xxxx([x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x, xx.x], [x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x], x.xx, x.x)
# [x.xxxxxx, x.xxxxxx, x.xxxxxx, x.xxxxxx, x.xxxxxx]

xxxxxx_xxxx([x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x], [x.x, x.x, x.x, x.x], x.x, x.x)
# [x.x, x.xxxxxx, x.xxxxxx, x.xxx]

xx xxx xxxxxx xxxx x xx xxxxxxx x x xxx x xx xxxx, xx xxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxx xxx xxxxxx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx x xxxxx xx xxxx. xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxxx x xx xxx xxxxx xx xxxxxx xxx.

xxxxxxxxxxx

  • x <= xxx(x) == xxx(x) <= xx^x, x >= x, x > x.
  • xxxxx xxxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx(xxxx, x) xxx xxxxxx xxxxx xxxxxx xxxxxx. xxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xxxx ==, xx xx xxxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxx.
  • xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xx xxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxx xxx xxxx, ( x(x) ) xxxx. xxx xxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx xxx xxx,xxx xxxxxxxxxxxx.
  • xx xxx xxxx xx xxxxxxxxxxx xxxx ( x_x = x ), xxx xx xxx xxxx xxx + x xxxx xxx xxxxxxx xxxx. xxx xxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxx xxxx xxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxx xxxxxxxxxxx xxx xxx xxxxxx xxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxx xxxxxxx xxxx.
  • xxxx x = x xxx x xxxx xxxxxxxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxx xx xxx xxx xxxxx. xxx xxxxxx xxxx xxxxxx xxx xxxx xxxxx xxxxxxx xx.

This problem is only available to subscribers.

Language: Python 3.12kalman_beta

Unlock the problem to run it against the tests.